Fluid-pressure brake equipment



QT.. 16, w23.

T. H. THOMAS FLUID PRESSURE BRAKE EQUIPMENT Filed Feb. 8, 921 2 Shams-Sheet 1,

Jodrrzoujam( :NVENT THOMASH.THOMAS ATTORNEY mai )imam ct. T6; 1923.

- T. H. THOMAS FLUID PRESSURE BRAKE EQUIPMENT Filed Feb. a, 1921' 2 sheets-sheet 2' WN NN WN Sh Nb Y Il lm INVNTOR THOMAS l-LTHOMAS ATT-GENE? Patented @et 176, 1923. n

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re-r- ,Picaf- THOMAS H. THOMAS, or nnenwooii. PENNSYLVANIA, Assienon 'ro Tnn `Wris'inve nousn Aia BRAKE coMrAnY, or rnnnsYL-vnnia,

or e Wimaiiniiine, rnnnsvnvnnin, `a conronerion 'FLUID-PRESSURE BRAKE EQUIPMENT. l

' application med Yreiirtuary e, 1921.sriai No. 443,360.

To all whom# may concern: f Be it known that I, 'lllHoMns TnoMAs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Edgewood, inthe county of Alleghenyand State of Pennsylvania, have invented `new anduseful-Improvements in Fluid-Pressure Brake Equipments, of which thek following is a specification. l

This invention relates to a fluid pressure brake equipment, and more particularly to a combined vacuuinfand compressed air brake. Y l

In some cases, cars are equipped Withvacuum brakes and it is desired to operate the vacuum brak-es on the' cars While the brakes on the locomotive are `operated by com pressed air.

The principal object .of my invention vis to provide an improved; combined vacuum and compressed air brake ofv the above character s and in which the compressed airbrakeson the locomotive may bel operated simultaneouslytvith or independently of ,the vacu uni brakes on thelcars. o

a diagrammatic view of a-locomotive brake equipment adapted in accordance with vmy invention for controlling compressed air brakes on the locomotive and yvacuum brakes on the cars; Fig. 2a sectional view-of the locomotive distributing valve device andi the associated"application and release contiol valve devices; Figs. 3, 4f, and 5, sectional views of the automatic brake valve Y' device in the respective positions of release, service, and emergency; and Figs. 6y and 7,

sectional views of 'the independent brake in the respective positions of applicationandy release. K y

Assliovvn in the diagrammatic drawing, .F ig. 1, the locomotive equipment may ycoi prisean automatic brake valve 1 and an independent brake valve 2, and in the case of an electric locomotive, brake valves may be located .at eacliend of the locomotive, as

a main reservoir pipe 6, .and an applica-V tion cylinder pipeA 7.

In order to interlo'c-ktlie*operation of the vacuum` brakesv With the operation of the valve device9 are provided.V f The vacuum brake includesxa vacuum ;resf In the accompanyingdrawings; Fig. 11

f tively connected differential compressed air brakes', Van application .con-

`l` trol rkvalve device `8,and Ia release control' ervoir lO connected toa vacuum yreservoir f and a vacuum brakepipe y12 and the com-k pipeH 11 and adapted tobe exhausted, sov j that a partial vacuumis maintained therein i pressed air brake includes fa rmain reservoir` 13, connected to a main reservoir pipe 6, and

a supply pipe 14, connected to the independ-` ent brakevalve2 andV adapted to be charged TG5 l with 'fluid under pressure from the main -reservoir pipe 6 as reduced bytheroperation of usual construction.

afeed or reducing valve fdevice 15 oftheVK of the usual construction comprisingpanapf plication portion and a triple or equalizing valve portion, ktlie applicationxportion having an applicationcylinder 16, connected-b l passage' 1f to applicationy cylinder [pipe and .containing ay piston 18, arelease valvev chambery 53, connected by passage 19 and,V

pipe 20 vto brake cylinder r21 and containing a release valveg22,y and an ap'-l plication valve chamber 5&1-, .connected byKV kpassage 23 to the main reservoir pipe 16.and Y containing applicationvalve24,.said valves being operated by piston 18.

4The'equalizing portion has a piston cham-M ber 25, connected by passage 26 to the comFL rpressed air brake pipe 4 andk containing :an equalizing piston 27 and a valve chamber .28, connected'by passage-29to a'pressure' chamber 30vfand containing a mainfslide valve 31 andagraduating valve 32 adapted to be operated byy piston 27 forcontrolling the admission and release Iof'flujid under 4pressure-to land fromthe application cylin- 1 The application ,control valve device 8 mayk comprise a casing containing,operak area da; phragms 33 and34, tlielarger ydiaphragm r34 having a chamber 35 at one side containing a spring 36, acting on the diaphragm,l ksaid chamber being connected `to anatmosplieric .exhaust port y37.?

o The` chamber 38, intermediate the .diasA 'pliragmsand'e is ycc'innected'by a passage 39 to the vacuum brake ypipe.j12,fan d chamber 40 at the Vouter face of diaphragmy 33 is connected by passage 41 vwith the com- Atributing valve' release pipe 5 aiid'a Vvalve i55, operated bythe Vmovement of the diavalve pipe 5.

pressed `air brake pipe 4.

The movement of the diaphragme 33 and 34 in one direction is adapted to opena valve 42 for supplyingiiuid under pressure from the main. reservoir pipe 6, through passage 43 tochamber 40 and movement or' the diaphragms in the opposite direction is adapted to open a valveV 44 for ven-tino' in fluid underpressure from the compressed air brake pipe 4 to chamber 35.

The release control valve Vdevice 9 may with the-*vacuum reservoir pipe 11.

The chamber 51 at.the outer face of diaphragm 46 is connected by a passage 52 to the distributing valve side ois-,the disphra'gms45 and 46 controls"communication from passage 52, to a passage 56 leading to the brake' valve side of the jdistributing v The automatic brake valve 1` may com prise ,a casing containinga valve stem 60 adapted to be operated by afhandle 57, a

-` vacuum brake application valve 58 oi the poppet ktype and vacuum brake release valve 59 of the poppet type adapted to be `operated by 'means of cam faces provided` on the stem 60. Said stem also operates-'ya rotary slide valve 6,1.

The independent brake valve prise a casing, having a valvel containing fa rotary slide varive to be operatedv by a handle 64.

chamber G2 63, adapted In oeration the main `reservoir 13' isv maintained chargedV With fluid under pressure to a predetermined' degree in the usual manner, and the vacuum -.reservoir 10 is lrept at a partial vacuum at all times.

The valve chamber 54 of the distributingr valve device is maintained charged with fluid at main reservoirA pressure ysupplied from main reservoir pipe 6 through passage 23, and with the automatic brake valve in release position as shown in Fig. 3, the: poppet valve 59 is opened, so that the vac-` uum reservoir pipe 11 is' connected through a'port 65Y in the kstem 60 and a large passage 66 with the vacuum brake pipe 12. Apartial vacuum is thus rapidly produced in the vacuum brake pipe. l f' In the application control valve device 8, vacuum brake pipe pressure .is present lin chamber 33 and the pressure of spring 36v operates to move the diaphragme 33 and 34. so as to open valve 42y and allovviiuidv from.

the main reservoir t0 flow through passage 2 may com- 43 to passagev 41 and the compressed air brake pipe 4.' lWhen the brake pipe 4 has been charged toV apressure slightly exceeding the pressure of spring 36, the valve 42 is permitted to close through the movement of the diaphragm 33 by the pressure in the brake pipe 4 and chamber 40.

in ,order to provide au increased brake pipe volume, a reservoir 67 may be connected to the bra-kepipe. Fluid supplied to the brake pipe 4 flows to the piston chamber 25 of the equalizing valve device, and thence through the feed groove 68 to valve chamber 28, also charging the pressure chamber *30 through passage 29;

l leakage' should occur from the brake Y pipe 4,l the valve 42 Will be'again opened to supply 'fluid to the bralre pipesoas to maintain the pressure therein, as Willibeevident. f 1

if it is desired to effect a service application of the brakes on the cars and the locomotive, the automatic brake valve 1 is turned to service application position, as shown` in Fig. 4, in which the vacuum bralre pipe 12 is connected to an atmospheric port 69, through a restricted port 70, port 65, and

ythe open poppet valve 58. kThe increase in pressure in the vacuum brel-:e pipe12, as thus effected, causes an application of rthe vacuum'bralres on the cars of they train in the usual manner andony the locomotive, the increase in pressure in the vacuum brake pipe acts in chamber 33 of the application control valve device 8 onthe differential area of the diaphragm 34, so as vto cause a movement ci: the diaphragme 33 and 34 to open the valve 44.

j Fluid underl pressure is then vented from the compressed air brake pipe 4 through passage 41, past the valif'e 44/to chamber 35 and thence to the atmospheric port 37.

rlhe reduction in brake pipe pressure thus produced causes the nier/ement of the` equali'zing piston 27v to application position.,

which fluid under pressure is supplied from the pressure chamber 30 through port 71 to passage72 and the application cyiiiider 16. The application piston V13' is then shifted Vto application position, Vin which vHuid under pressure is supplied from valverv chamber 54 to chamber 53 and thence through passage 19 to the locomotive brake cylinder 21. y

rEhe brakes may be released on the cars and locomotive by turning the automatic brake .valve 1 to release positioii,-so as to 'connect the vacuum brake pipe 12 to the vvacuum reservoir.

l valve 55 and permit fluid toy be vented from to vpassage 56 `and z the brake valve `-portion phragms e3 andai; so *as to open VV'vaivefia and vpermitthe recharging of the brake pipe 4.' The equalizing piston27 is then shifted to release positicnandluidis released from .running position ikas shown k.thee

distributing valve release pipe is open to the atmosphere through cavity 73 and `exhaustv port 74:, sc that lluid is vented fromapplica-f tion chamber 16 and the-application gpiston 1S is shifted torelease position to effect the releasev of Huid from the locomotive brake cylinder 21. a v

j A graduated release 'of the brakes may be effected by -first moving-the automatic brake valve to release position Vand -then' to lap position. A partial restorationofthe vac uum inthe vacuumbrake pipe is thus pro duced, which causes af'partial releaseo the j brakes'on the oars, vvhile on the locomotive, the pressure Vin 'fr jhamber.` 4J being reduced With the vacuum brakepipe, permits the movement of' the diaphragmsll .and 4:6 by? chamber 5l onf-diaphragm 46', so as to openl the applicationcylindcr '16 thereby effecting therelease of liuidfrom the brake cylinder 21 by operation of the application ton 18' as herenbefore;described.

certain amount by exhaust through the distributing valve release pipe 5, therdia# kphragms k and 46m/ill be operated to close is partially released to correspond Withthe partial neleaseeof the vacuum'brakes on the cars of the train, so that aV graduated'l release of, the brakes on both the-cars and-"the'flocomotive may beeffected.

An emergency Vapplication of the 'brakes may be effected by turning the Vbrake valve handle to emergency position, as shown in Fig. 5. The operation fin' thiscase is sub-r4 stantially the saine asin-aservice lapplication, except that liuidissupplied from thev atmosphere to the .vacuum brake vpipe l2 through a large'port 75, instead of a Yrestrict-- ed port,so as to secure a more rapid increase in pressure in the `vacuum brake pipe@- Also, in emergency position, the application'cylinder vpipe? isconnectedby a' port76 the rotary valve 6l with main reservoirpipe 6, so that fluid atvmain reservoiripressureis ysupplied directly to the applicationcylin`- pis-7 When the application cylinder Apressure acting in chamber; 51.` has'fbeen'reduced ay der 16 of Jthe distributing valve device to Y eiiect afpromptmovement oj the applicaytionpistony 18 to kapplicationposition;-

When the brakes-have been applied, the

brakes onthelocomotive Vmay bewreleased" independently Withoutreleasing theV train brakes, by `moving vthe independent vbrake ValveV 2to release position, as `shoivn in Fig,

w 7, in v vhich the v'application 'cylinder pipe f7 vis connected to the exhaustthrough cavity '77 and exhaust port '78.'

Fliidpunder pressure is then released from theapplication cylinder `16, so ythat the ap#v 'plieation vpistony 18 is moved to release position, to'eifectthe release of fluid fromthe 'locomotive' brake cylinder" 2l,l` While the` vacuum-brakes areheld applied, since the automatic lbrake valve is left'iny lap posi-r tion.- Y

` The locomotive brakes ymay beheld ap-VK 7 Vpliedand the train brakes released by placing'fthe lindependent brake valve2 in lap i,

position, closing the distributing valve Vrein yWhich the vacuum brakes are f released',1

leasepipe'exhaust and then movingvthej therelease on the locomotivey beingfpjrevent#l distributing valvek release pipe.

Y y'edxby thezclosing'fof the .exhaust fromthe the application cylinder pressure acting in,-` l The locomotive brakes maybefappliedindependently Without; applying the train Vbrakes `by moving the independentjbrake valve' l to application'position, as shown in pipe 'r' is connectedby a cavity`-7 9 Withthe Supplyfppelts@ reservo-ir as reduced by the action ofthe Fig; 6, inv which the j application cylinder'` that fluid from the main Viced valvedevice 15A is supplied directly to the application cylinder l'ofthe distributing` valve 'device' to effect the operation of application of the brakes on the locomotive.

l. The combination with a vacuum vbrake pipe` forj controlling ka "vacuumv brake system-,cfa compressed air brakefpipe, a valve means voperated by variations in pressure in -the"compressed air'brake-pipe for controlthe application pistonlS and thus cause an Havinglnovv described my invention, whatv Y I claim as'nevv and desire to vsecure by Lety lingcompressedairbrakes, and means operf ated according to the'pressure' in the vacuum brake pipe for controlling" the compressed air brake pipe-1 compressed air brake pipe.

3. The .combination With a vacuum brake he kpressure in vacuum l brake sys#v pressurer in the vacuum brake pipe` pressure inthe pipe for controlling a vacuumv brake f system, of a'conipressed air brake'. pipe land a valve vmechanism* Aoperated upon VVa-"detion in pressure 'crease .in pressurefin the compressedy air brake pipe for supplyingfiuid under .pressure yto said pipe and operated upon an increase in pressure in the vacuum brake pipe for effecting a reduction in pressure in the compressed air brake pipe.

4:.v The combination with Va racuuin brake pipe for controlling a vacuum brake Iy ,system, of` a compressed air ,brake pipe and e a valve mechanism for normally maintainingthe pressure inthe compressedair pipe at a predetermined degree and operated upon a decreasev in pressurein tlievacuum p brake pipe V(for eflectirigev reductieii in pres- SureinV the-'compressed air brake pipe.

V5. Tlie coinbiiiation with a vacuum brake pipe no rinally containing fluid at AaA pres- Y ,surer less than'atinospher'i-c pressure, an increase in pressure in saidpipe being adapted to apply the vbrakes in a vacuum brake system, .of compressed fluid brake pipe normally containing fluid under pressure, a reduction in pressure -in which is adapted to effect an application of the brakes in a compressed fluid brake system, and means Voperated upon an increase` in pressure in the vacuum brake pipe for Yeffecting a-ireducinthe compressed fluid brakepipe.

6. In a flu-id pressure brake, the combinalv tion With avacu'urn brake vpipe and, a; com-v pressed f luidbrake pipe, of an 'application' control valve device comprising a valve, and ak movable abutment ysubject to the opposing pressures of spring and the pressures of the vacuum brakepipe and the compressed iiuid` brake 'pipe and operated upon airincrease in pressure in the vacuum brake pipe i vfor,actuating saidvalve to yent'iluid under pressure vfrom the compressed V*fluid brake pipe. f f

with alvacuumbrake pipe andv a compressed yfluid brake pipe, of `anapplication 'control valve device Vcomprising Y. differential diasures of the compressed fiuidbrake pipe and a'spring andsubject onthe dierential area or" one diaphragmv to the pressure in the vacuum brake pipe, a valve operated'by saidv diaphragms for supplying fluid under pres- V vsure to said compressed fluid brake pipe, and

In a fluidpressiirebrake, the combination f l a valve operatedby said diaphragmsl upon an increase in pressure in the vacuum brake pipe for effecting areduction inpressure in i the compressed fluid brakepipe.

9. In a fluid pressure brake, the combina-4 tion with a vacuum brake pipe, of an appli-y V,cation valve devicecomprising an, applicaijtion cylinder and a piston operatedfby an increase ora decrease in pressure in the application cylinder yfor respectively: effecting the application vand releasek of the brakes, and a. valve device operated-upon a decrease in pressure in the vacuum brake pipe `for openingcommunication throughwhich fluid` is released from the application cylinder.

10;V ln -a fiuidzpressure brake, the combination vvitha vacuum-brake pipe, of an application valve device comprising an applij cation cylinder -and apiston operated by an the application and .release ofthe brakes, a brakevalve device for controlling therelease of fluid [from the application cylinder,

and v a release control valve device lsubject toL the pressure inthe vacuum; brake pipe for increase or `a decrease in pressure in the application cylinder for respectively effecting controlling communication through which i fluid is released `from the yapplication cylinder'. t 1 f '11'. Ina fluid pressure brake, the combination with a vacuuinbrake pipe,,of' an appli-V cationvalve device comprising an application cylinderand a piston operated by an increase or a decrease in pressure in the application vcylinder vfor respectively effecting the application and release ofl the brakes,

and a valve device operated upon an'increase infpressure'inthe vacuum brake pipe for closing rcommunication through `which der.

fluid is releasedfrom the application cylin-.

'12.V In af fluid pressurebrake, the combi nation VWith avacuuin brake pipe, of rau yapplication `valve device comprising. an application cylinder and av piston-operatedl by an'increase or aidecrease in pressure in the Vapplication4 cylinder for respectively effecting the application and release of the brakes, and ajvalve device subjectto the pressure in, the vacuum brake ypipe for controlling the release of uid from the application cylinder. U

13. Ina fluid pressure brakepthe coinb-ii nation With a, vacuumgbrake pipe for controlling a vacuuin brake system and a compressed fluid brake vpipe 'for controlling a compressed fluid brake, of an application control valve device operated upon an increase in pressure inthe vacuum brake pipe for effecting a reduction-in pressure in the compressed fluid brake pipe and arelease control valve device operated upon an increase in pressure in the vacuumbrake pipe for preventing thejrelease ofthe compressed fluid brake. i

14a. Ina uid pressure braketlie combina# tion :with a Vaeuumbrakepipe `for, controlk; f ling a Vacuum brakesystem and means for v controlling the fapplieationand release lof- `Compressed fluid vbrakes including a oliar'nbeigean increase for decrease' in pressure in Vwhich is adapted to respectively effect an' application or release of the compressedlud brake, a valye for controlling` tlie'sre- Vleasev of iuid yfrom said fgeh'amber,fk and'y a movable abutmentysubject to the opposing `pressures of the vacuum-brake pipe and said chamber for operating.saidrvalve. 15.-' In a iuldpressure brake, the combina-` 'tion with a vacuum'lo-rakeV pipel for Control-y ling a vacuum-brake system, of a compressedv1 fluid brake devicehaving a chamber, Variationsin pressure in'wliich isfadaptked to `:on

trol the application alidrelease of ehelbrakes and a release eontrolgvalve device' compris-v Yingy a: Valve for controlling' the release of" Y uidpfroni saidgchaniber v:zi-'ndi'"diili'erential7 j trolling the 1' brake pipe.

Vareav diaphragms,v subyace `to theopposingw pressures of the Vacuuniliralre .pipe-and saidk 25 I 16. The Combination with Ya vacuumy brake y. n Vpipe for ycontrolling-a Vacuum brake system, Y ,of abrakevpipe normally containing` fluidk Y under .pressure and meansfsubjeet to tlief pressure yin the vacuumlbrake fpipe for; con# pressure inN the ompressed fluid Vchamber 'for operating said valve. i L

' ,-17.1Thevc`ombination Witlia vacuumrbrakeg A )pipe forcontrolling a `Yacuum brake -jsjfsteirn off' a" brake :pipe normall)7V reontaining fluid y underk pressure greater" `than atmo spnerieVri pressure and,ineensy subject to the'jpressure Y in they'vacuum`r brake pipe'forcontrolling L Qthe pressure inV compressed vluidbloralze "In testimonyfwhereof Alfhaveherelmto set sok 

